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Monday, January 14, 2019

Prelude to Philosophy: What is Philosophy? Essay

List 4 reasons students oft presuppose a low view of doctrine. 1. The image that one has to be super intelligent to do school of thought. 2. As a discipline, most students ingest it late in their academic development. 3. Most people dont think its practical.4. Most students dont know what philosophy is or how it can benefit them.Know Socrates quote What is the unexamined life? What did he mean when he said it wasnt worth living? The quote The unexamined life is not worth living. Socrates didnt mean that people stool no value, or should be executed if they lived unexamined lives. Humans ar alone(predicate) in the animal kingdom we have the ability to reason and devise about everything. What he meant was To live the unexamined life is to live less than a fully human life not living life the air we were created to live.Know the etymology of the word philosophy.The combination of two Greek terms phileo and sopos. Phileo authority love, sophos means wisdom.Know the working defi nition of philosophy and explain each of its elements. doctrine is the critical examination of our foundational beliefs concerning the nature of universe, familiarity, and truth, and our clean-living and social values.List and explain each of the 6 characteristics under the translation of philosophy. 1. The relationship between philosophy and facts philosophers atomic number 18 in general more implicated in what lies behind the facts, their meaning, significance and veracity, than in the facts themselves. 2. The importance of method in philosophical investigation wherefore someone believes something more so than what they believe. 3. elucidation get in thinking is imperative in finding truth. Two enemies to clear thinking is ambiguity and vagueness.4. ism examines and evaluates everything nothing is taken for granted every belief and idea is open to critical examination. illuminance and justification argon required before accepting any belief to be true. 5. Philosoph y is unremarkably pertain with foundational issues that have been perennial throughout the history of humankind. 6. Philosophy often appeals to bodys of principles or guidelines regarded to be true either reject impudent introduce to be true or adjust system to align to the new claim. Philosophers build systems of beliefs and philosophical examination doesnt begin from a neutral position.Contrast and compare philosophy with religion, science, and art. How are they different and how are they similar? 1. Philosophy and Religion (compared) some(prenominal) search for the final that which has the ultimate meaning and value, the one thing that unifies everything and from which everything finds its meaning and origin. (contrasted) Religion commonly appeals to some authoritative revelation to discover the truths about the ultimate philosophy uses logical inquiry in attempting to understand the ultimate. A spiritual grammatical construction normally isnt found in philosophy. 2. Philosophy and Science (compared) Both try to understand reality in a methodical fashion. They both use observation and appeal to evidence to support their inferences.They both gain criteria, hypotheses, and theories that they apply to specific situations to discover the truth about reality. (contrasted) Science generally examines that part of reality associated with the senses, the physical world, philosophies field extends outside of physical reality to what lies beyond. Also, science deals with first-order questions about reality, philosophy deals with second-order questions about disciplines like science. 3. Philosophy and imposture (compared) artists often use their medium to express philosophical ideas, they both to a fault often deal with similar topics, and artists capture what some modern philosophers promote. (contrasted) prowess usually only coveys a particular philosophical view, whereas philosophy seeks the rational justification of a view. Philosophy argues for a v iew, art expresses it. Art is concerned mostly with structure, philosophy is concerned mostly with content.Explain the value of experiential knowledge in distinction to propositional knowledge. Experiential knowledge enhances our understanding beyond what propositional knowledge can convey.Philosophy Examining life love of wisdom.Unexamine Life deprivation through daily/routine activities/life, without thinking about what youre doing and why youre doing it going through the motions of life without making the effort to radiate and think about what life is about.Normative Claim Makes a claim about some actions persons ought to do. Socrates unexamined life claim was a normative claim. comprehension Wisdom has less to do with how much one knows and more to do with how one uses the knowledge they have. Wisdom is knowledge applied using the knowledge one has in a way that benefits life.Critical Examination To analyze.Clarification To determine what something means.Justification A ddresses the questions Is this true, and are there good reasons to believe its true?Evaluation Determines the significance or value of the idea.Presuppositions Beliefs people usually dont think about or try to prove. They are assumptions people hold about themselves and the world, without knowing which they would not be satisfactory to arrive at any other knowledge.Foundational Beliefs Central and fundamental beliefs, the heart and soul of all other beliefs.First-Order guinea pig A field that directly studies reality.Second-Order Discipline A field that studies the methods and presuppositions of first-order disciplines. Its not interested in the conclusion but the means used to arrive at the conclusion and the presuppositions held spot attempting to answer the question.Ambiguous When there is more than one possible meaning. isolated When the meaning is not clear.Worldview A comprehensive system of beliefs that functions, first as an explanation and interpretation of the worl d and, second as an application of that system to the way people live and the values they hold.Scientism The notion that scientific knowledge is the only kind of knowledge there is.Propositional Knowledge Consists of beliefs that can be formulated and conveyed in propositions.Experiential Knowledge Knowledge gained through experiencing something. thinking(prenominal) Animal Humans.

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